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以真題為例，教你掌握A-level經濟essay滿分攻略

很多同學會覺得寫經濟學essay很困難，最主要的問題可能還是沒有對題目進行深刻分析，找不到答題的思路和角度，沒有辦法把知識點和具體問題結合起來。

今天就以AQA考試局的往年真題為例，幫助同學們理理答題的思路和角度。

AQA past paper:
 
Evaluate the potential impact on the economic growth of the UK economy if it were to adopt the single European currency.

拿到題目，首先找下關鍵字，比如”evaluate”, “potential impact”,“economic growth”, “ single European currency”.
 

接下來我們就來好好分析下，每個關鍵詞的“言外之意”。


■ “Evaluate”: 要求我們分析經濟學問題的時候要懂得運用一種動態思維，比如說，在一定條件下，理論上應該會得到一種結論。但是考慮到現實問題的特殊性，我們需要考慮下，如果限定的條件變化了，結論又會產生什么樣的變化。

■ “Potential impact”: 說到impact，尤其是學經濟的同學，一定要用一種辯證思維去看問題。影響分好壞，所以我們對于事物的雙面都要進行分析。好處有哪些，伴隨的壞處又有哪些，都是需要我們論述的。


■ “economic growth”,“single European currency”: 向同學們提示了這篇essay的核心知識點，所以同學們在下筆之前一定要從腦海里調用下可能會在essay中用到的知識點。梳理下零碎知識點之間的關系，從而安排下essay的結構。
 
通過對關鍵字的深入解讀，我們essay的一個大致框架就出來了。

第一部分：談談single European currency對economic growth in UK的積極影響，分點論述，每個點單獨占據一個段落。

并且在每一段的論述后，結合下英國的實際國情，分析下每點好處的作用程度到底有多大。這也體現了同學們對理論知識理解的深淺程度，也是essay中的一個增分點。
 
第二部分：運用上述同樣的思路對積極影響進行深刻分析。
 

第三部分：綜合前兩部分的分析討論，對impact作一個總結，闡明到底是利大于弊還是弊大于利。


下面是針對此題，給出的參考例文：

Reference version:

The adoption of single European currency can benefit the economic growth of the UK economy.
 
Firstly, a single currency lowers transaction costs of trade, which promotes exports. The export is important to UK as it accounts for 60% of UK’s trade. Allowing for the existing low transaction cost between the UK and EU, a single currency will only have a relatively modest impact on increasing exports and its economic growth.
 
Then, a single currency helps stabilize the exchange rates. At the moment, UK exporters suffer from rapid appreciations in the exchange rate against the Euro.If UK joins the Euro,it will bring about greater stability, which encourages investment. However, many firms have already insure against exchange rate volatility. Therefore, the impact will not become very impressive.
 
Besides, a single currency might encourage foreign direct investment, which can boost both aggregate demand and aggregate supply.
The adoption of a single currency may also bring some side effects to the economic growth of UK.
 
The general interest rate set by ECB may not suit UK economy very well. For example, if the UK economy experiences a recession, but the rest of the Euro zone was still growing, interest rates are likely to be too high for UK, which means the economic growth of UK will suffer because higher interest rates would cause lower spending ad investment, worsening the recession.Also,many people have large variable mortgage in UK housing market, higher interest rates may have a big effect on reducing growth rates. On the other hand, if the UK economy is growing and inflation in Europe is low, interest rates may be kept low, which causes the UK economy to expand more quickly. Hence,problems like inflation and a housing boom may occur.
 
In conclusion,if the UK economy harmonies with the EU economic cycle,then UK economic growth would not be affected very much.

在A-level經濟學這門課中，最難的部分應該屬于essay question部分，尤其是到了A2階段，很多題目的問題方式是很多變的，考官對于考生的期望值要求也是非常高的。


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